Research

The Observatory has published its much anticipated rapid review into ethnic health inequalities across a range of areas including key priorities set by the independent health body. Ethnic inequalities in access to, experiences of, and outcomes of healthcare are longstanding problems in the NHS, and are rooted in experiences of structural, institutional and interpersonal racism. This report is the first of its kind to analyse the overwhelming evidence of ethnic health inequality through the lens of racism.

This report draws on a longer study we commissioned from The King’s Fund (Chauhan et al 2021).

The NHS Race & Health Observatory was formally established in April 2021, with a remit to examine ethnic health inequalities in England and beyond.

This report represents one of many steps needed to help understand the factors that shape race inequality in health, including the forces of structural racism and discrimination, and to begin to respond to them with impactful changes. Knowing how the system works, and how it interacts with underserved communities, is an important step towards rebuilding that system in a way that truly has equality at its core. We invite those reading this report to join us on that journey.

For this report we have analysed the quality and consistency of ethnicity coding within widely used health datasets, in order to inform users of ethnicity data and identify the actions needed to improve the quality of the underlying data. Along with providing insights for data users, the report sets out recommendations for policy-makers and organisations that generate and regulate health data. 

Pulse oximetry is a simple, cheap, and non-invasive means of testing the level of oxygen in a person’s blood.